均匀化处理对6063铝合金微观组织结构的影响
Effect of homogenization treatment on microstructure of 6063 aluminum alloys
孙瑜,黄继武,赵毅,黄志其
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作者单位：中南大学材料学院
中南大学 有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点试验室
中文关键字：6063铝合金；均匀化；显微组织；AlFeSi相
英文关键字：6063 alloy; homogenization; microstructure; AlFeSi phase
中文摘要： 采用金相显微镜、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜和能谱分析技术，研究了均匀化温度和时间对6063合金显微组织的影响。研究结果表明：铸态合金由过饱和α-Al固溶体和非平衡共晶相组成；铸态合金进行均匀化处理，随着温度的升高和保温时间的延长，非平衡共晶组织逐渐消失，合金枝晶偏析逐渐消除；在495℃保温6h，过饱和基体析出Mg2Si相，温度升高到555℃，Mg2Si相完全回溶，针状β-Al9Fe2Si2完全转变为颗粒状α-Al12Fe3Si，同时基体中析出亚微米级AlFeSi和AlFeCrSi相。555℃下保温6h退火处理是6063合金铸锭较适宜的均匀化处理工艺。
英文摘要： The effect of homogenization treatment on microstructure of 6063 aluminum alloys was investigated by using optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscope, energy dispersive spectrum and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the as-cast alloy consists of supersaturated solid solution and unequilibrium eutectic phases. During the homogenization treatment, the eutectic morphology of precipitates and the interdendritic segregation disappear gradually with increasing annealing temperature or keeping time. Supersaturated solid solution decomposed equilibrium Mg2Si phase at 495℃ for 6 hours. When the homogenization treatment temperature increased at 555℃ for 6 hours, Mg2Si phase dissolved into matrix and acicularβ-Al9Fe2Si2 phase transformed to spherical α-Al12Fe3Si phase completely, and some submicron dispersive AlFeSi and AlFeCrSi particles deposited in the alloy. The proper homogenizing process of 6063 alloy is at 555℃ for 6 h.