7075铝合金厚板淬火—预拉伸残余应力的有限元仿真
FEM simulation of quenching-prestretching residual stresses of 7075 aluminum alloy thick plate
李淑明，廖凯，胡永会
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作者单位：桂林电子科技大学教学实践部
桂林电子科技大学教学实践部
中南大学机电工程学院
中文关键字：7075铝合金；淬火；预拉伸；残余应力；有限元仿真
英文关键字：7075 aluminum alloy; quenching; prestretching; residual stress; FEM simulation
中文摘要：利用MSC.Marc非线性有限元软件建立了一个淬火—预拉伸模型，并利用该模型对7075铝合金厚板进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明，对于7075铝合金的最佳拉伸量为2%~2.5%，预拉伸后板内残余应力降低幅度可达90%以上，且残余应力分布形式由淬火态的“M”型演变为预拉伸后的“W”型；随着拉伸量的增加铝板内塑性变形合格的区域逐渐增加，可利用预拉伸中的等效应力分布状态确定锯切区。若提供适当的残余应力测试结果，利用有限元仿真模型可有效地揭示铝合金厚板淬火—预拉伸内部残余应力的演变规律。
英文摘要：A quenching-prestretching FEM model was established by MSC.Marc software to simulate 7075 aluminum alloy thick plate. The results show that optimum stretching degree is between 2%~2.5% and by stretching the inner-plate residual stresses could release more than 90%. More interesting is that the residual stresses distribution evolves from the quenched “M” type to the stretched “W” type. In addition, the qualified plastic zone inside the plate would increase with a larger stretching degree, and the cutting zone can be determined by equivalent stress distributing state in stretching. If proper residual stresses measurements were provided, the evolvement of quenching-prestretching inner residual stresses could be effectively revealed through FEM model.