纯铝脉冲电子束处理后喷射型火山坑形貌成因
Study on Crater Forming in Aluminum Induced by Pulsed Electron Beam
王 瑾1, 邵 扬2, 梁 亮3, 关庆丰4
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作者单位：(1.长春工程学院 电子信息工程学院, 吉林 长春 130012; 2. 长春理工大学, 吉林 长春 130012; 3. 泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司, 上海 201201; 4. 江苏大学 材料学院, 江苏 镇江 212013)
中文关键字：喷射； 火山坑； 膨胀力； 纳米颗粒
英文关键字：spray; crater; expansibility; nano-particles
中文摘要：为了深入了解强流脉冲电子束轰击处理过的材料表面产生的火山坑形貌成因及其形成过程，本文利用俄罗斯Nadezhda-2强流脉冲电子束发生装置对实验样品进行不同脉冲次数的电子束轰击处理，通过扫描电子显微镜进行观察分析。发现在材料表面产生了大量的类似火山喷发后形成的火山坑形貌，在喷发口周边密布着大量纳米级的球形颗粒。通过熔化潜热温度补偿的数值模拟结果和实验结果的对比， 揭示了亚表层率先升温及熔化。随着内部熔化体积膨胀力的增大，熔体从内向外喷发，最终形成喷射型的火山坑形貌。
英文摘要：High current pulsed electron beam (HCPEB) generated by Nadezhda-2 high current pulsed electron beam device were used for bombardments of Al samples. The transformations of microstructure on sample surface irradiated by electron beams were studied by SEM. The purpose is to understand the formation and procedure of the crater appearing on the sample surface. The results show that there are many nano-particles densely covered around crater. Based on the experimental investigations and physical model, the temperature field and melting process are simulated. It shows that the melted layer depth is about several microns. It is confirmed that temperature rises faster at a sub-layer instead of on the extreme surface due to the maximum energy deposition located at about 1/3 of the total penetration depth of the beam. Such a special sublayer heating and melting mode causes eruptions of the sub-layer liquid through the outer surface and produces the typical surface crater morphology.