基于边界方向直方图的激光环焊焊缝表面缺陷检测
Surface Inspection for Circumferential Laser Weld Based on Edge Orientation Histogram
孙大为， 蔡 艳， 华学明， 吴毅雄
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作者单位：（上海交通大学 激光制造与材料改性重点实验室,上海 200240）
中文关键字：激光环焊焊缝； 缺陷检测； 方向直方图； 边缘提取
英文关键字：circumferential laser welding; surface inspection; orientation histogram; edge detection
中文摘要：针对汽车喷油器接杆的激光环焊焊缝图像，提出了一种基于边界方向直方图的缺陷检测方法。通过设定门限的方法对待测图像进行分割，再对分割后的图像提取边界点；采用边界方向直方图表示目标的边界方向特征，并采用边界点的不同梯度方向上的灰度平均值表示目标的边界灰度特征，两者结合能有效地描述目标的形状轮廓信息，准确地识别出焊缝图像中的正常收焊点和焊缝缺陷。实验证明：这种基于边界方向直方图的缺陷检测方法具有令人满意的准确性。
英文摘要：A surface inspection method based on edge orientation histogram for circumferential laser welding image was proposed. It segmented the target image with simple thresholding and then detected the image edges. Edge orientation histogram was used to describe the edge direction character of target image, and mean intensity edge orientation was calculated to present the edge gray character. The lap spot and weld defects can be recognized by integrating these two edge features, and can also efficiently provide the shape information of the object. The experiment results show that the proposed method performs a satisfactory accuracy.