密度梯度零件选区激光熔化制造基础工艺研究
Preliminary Study on Preparation of Density Gradient Parts Using Selective Laser Melting
罗子艺， 杨永强， 卢建斌， 王 迪
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作者单位：（华南理工大学 机械与汽车工程学院，广东 广州 510640）
中文关键字：快速成型； 选区激光熔化； 密度梯度； 致密度
英文关键字：rapid prototyping; selective laser melting (SLM); density gradient parts; relative density
中文摘要： 为了快速制造密度梯度零件，在快速成型设备DiMetal-280上进行了选区激光熔化(SLM)成型工艺研究，分析了工艺参数与致密度之间的关系。采用316L不锈钢粉末，制造了密度从6.73 g/cm3到7.78 g/cm3、致密度从83.09%到96.05%水平方向变化的零件，以及密度从7.04 g/cm3到7.55 g/cm3、致密度从93.21%到86.91%厚度方向变化的零件；将零件沿梯度方向抛光后在显微镜下观察。结果表明，零件在梯度方向随着密度的梯度变化，孔隙量也呈现相应的梯度变化。本文采用的SLM技术在密度梯度零件制造中具有很大的潜力。
英文摘要：For the rapid manufacture of density gradient parts, the experiment of selective laser melting (SLM) process was carried out on Dimetal-280 system, the relationship between the density and the process parameter was analyzed. The parts with the density of 6.73 g/cm3 to 7.78 g/cm3 and the relative density of 83.09%～96.05% in the level direction and with the density of 7.04 g/cm3 to 7.55 g/cm3 and the relative density of 93.21%～86.91% in the thickness direction were formed using 316L stainless steel powder. The parts were observed by microscope after polished along the gradient direction. The results show that pore volume of the parts presents gradient variation according to the gradient variation of their density. The SLM technique has a great potential in manufacturing density gradient parts.