冲蚀角对Al2O3颗粒增强铝锰合金复合材料冲蚀磨损性能的影响
Effects of Impact Angle on Erosion-abrasion Properties of Al-Mn Alloy Composite Reinforced by Al2O3 Particulates
刘 炳, 李新梅, 刘 湘, 王春耀
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作者单位：(新疆大学 机械工程学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830047)
中文关键字：冲蚀磨损； 冲蚀角； 共晶铝锰合金； 颗粒增强复合材料； 磨痕形貌
英文关键字：erosion-abrasion; impact angle; eutectic Al-Mn alloy; particulate reinforced composite; wear morphology
中文摘要：采用旋转冲蚀磨损试验对比研究了冲蚀角度(45°和90°)对共晶成分铝锰合金和Al2O3颗粒增强铝锰基复合材料抗冲蚀磨损性能的影响规律，分析了材料的组织特征及冲蚀磨损后磨痕形貌。 结果表明：铝锰合金的铸态组织为锰在铝中的固溶体以及MnAl6和Al11Mn4相；而复合材料的铸态组织为在与铝锰合金相近的基础上分布着的δ-Al2O3颗粒。随冲蚀时间的延长，当冲蚀角为90°时，冲蚀磨损失重率缓慢递增，磨痕形貌主要是由正向应力造成的变形磨损，产生冲蚀坑；而在45°冲蚀角情况下，失重率先增后降，存在着极大值，磨痕形貌主要是由切向应力造成的切削磨损，形成犁沟。
英文摘要：The effects of impact angle( 45° or 90°) on the erosion-abrasion properties of eutectic Al-Mn alloy and its composite reinforced by Al2O3 particulates were studied by rotating erosion-abrasion test, and the microstructure and wear surface was analyzed. The results show that, the as-cast Al-Mn alloy is composed of aluminium-manganese solid solution, MnAl6 and Al11Mn4 phase, while δ-Al2O3 particles are in the composite besides the aforementioned microstructure. With elongating the erosion time, the wear loss rate of the Al-Mn alloy and its composite increases at impact angle of 90°, whereas they firstly increase and then decrease, and there is a maximum at 45°. The distortion wear caused by normal stress is dominant at 90°, thus leads to the erosion pits on the wear surface. However, the cutting wear caused by shear stress is predominant at 45°, thus results in the plough.