硼砂浴内金属材料耐蚀性及抗氧化性的研究
Study on Corrosion Resistance and Oxidation Resistance of Materials Used in Borax Bath
王华昌, 屈 鹏, 张 莹
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作者单位：(武汉理工大学 材料科学与工程学院, 湖北 武汉 430070)
中文关键字：耐腐蚀； 抗氧化； 寿命
英文关键字：corrosion resistance; oxidation resistance; life
中文摘要：通过对多种耐热不锈钢进行硼砂浴腐蚀及抗氧化试验，研究了各种耐热不锈钢在硼砂浴中的耐腐蚀性及高温抗氧化性。研究结果表明，材料中元素的种类及含量对硼砂浴炉用金属材料的使用寿命有较大影响，其中Ni、Cr 元素对材料的耐蚀性及抗氧化性起着决定性作用。材料中Cr含量在20%左右及Ni含量在35%左右时得到最佳的耐蚀性。Cr含量与Ni含量之和不小于45%的材料的高温抗氧化性符合硼砂浴的使用要求。耐热不锈钢的腐蚀主要集中在硼砂浴与空气的交界面处，其他位置腐蚀较弱。硼砂浴中Na2O和B2O3 的存在加速了耐热不锈钢的腐蚀。这些研究结果为硼砂浴用坩埚及工夹具的选材提供了依据。
英文摘要：According to the test of borax bath corrosion and oxidation resistance of many kinds of heat-resistant stainless steel, the corrosion resistance in borax bath and the oxidation resistance of heat-resistant stainless steel at high temperature were discussed. The results show that the life of material for salt-bath furnace largely depends on the element types and percentage in material, especially, Ni and Cr play a key role in the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. It has the best corrosion resistance while there is 20%Cr and 35%Ni in material. The oxidation resistance of material at high temperature is suitable for the requirement of borax bath while the percentage of Cr and Ni is no less than 45%. The corrosion of heat-resistant stainless steel is mainly on the interface between borax bath and air, other parts with less corrosion. Na2O and B2O3 in borax bath accelerate the corrosion of heat-resistant stainless steel. The conclusions provide a foundation for choosing the material of crucible and fixture used in borax bath .