回火对Cr-Ni-Mn不锈钢丝微观组织和性能的影响
Effect of Tempering on Microstructure and Property of Cr-Ni-Mn Stainless Steel Wire
杨建春1,2, 刘国权1, 董秀萍3, 白鸿柏2
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作者单位：(1. 北京科技大学 材料科学与工程学院, 北京 100083; 2. 军械工程学院 火炮工程系, 河北 石家庄 050003; 3. 北京工商大学 机械工程学院, 北京 100048)
中文关键字：金属橡胶材料； 回火温度； 不锈钢丝； 微观组织； 力学性能
英文关键字：metal rubber material; temper temperature; stainless steel wire; microstructure; mechanical property
中文摘要：用等应变应力对比法分析了回火温度对金属橡胶材料(构件)力学性能的影响，用SEM观察微观组织形貌。结果表明：冷拔态不锈钢丝在450 ℃以下回火消除残余变形应力，并伴有ε碳化物析出，构件强度波动；500 ℃以上回火发生恢复再结晶，内部微观组织由形变α'马氏体转变为α铁素体，伴有孔洞缩小和溢出，构件强度降低，而450～500 ℃回火，ε碳化物析出达到平衡，微小裂纹焊合，且未发生恢复再结晶，构件有较高的强度。综合分析，450～500 ℃是Cr-Ni-Mn不锈钢丝制备金属橡胶材料(构件)较为理想的回火温度。
英文摘要：The influences of tempering temperature on mechanical properties of the metal rubber components were studied by the comparisons way of stress at equal strain. The microstructure of cool-drawing stainless steel wire was observed after tempering by SEM. The results show that the residual stress of cool-drawing stainless steel wire, which is caused by the deformation, is relieved, and ε carbonides are precipitated when tempered at 450 ℃, the strength of the components is undulate; recovery and recrystallization occurrs at 500 ℃, the inner microstructure transforms from α' martensite into α ferrite, and the inner micro-cavity shrinks and spills out, the strength of the components decreases; however, when tempered at 450 ℃～500 ℃, the precipitation of ε carbonides reaches the balance, the micro-cracks seam, but there is no recovery and recrystallization, the strength of the components is higher. In summary, tempering at 450 ℃～500 ℃ is suitable for the metal rubber material (components) which is made of cool-drawing Cr-Ni-Mn stainless steel wire.