大型铝合金航空模锻件局部加载成形工艺研究
Research on Local Loading Process of Large Al-alloy Air Die Forgings
邓文卫， 易幼平， 湛利华， 黄明辉
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作者单位：(中南大学 机电工程学院， 湖南 长沙 410083)
中文关键字： 铝合金； 航空锻件； 局部加载； 有限元
英文关键字：aluminum alloy; air forgings; local loading; finite elements method
中文摘要：提出了超大规格铝合金航空模锻件局部加载成形工艺方案，利用三维有限元软件Deform-3D对锻件分段局部加载成形载荷、两道次之间变形量分配、变形均匀性进行了仿真分析。结果表明：大型锻件局部等温加载工艺可有效降低成形载荷，最大锻造压力均可控制在300 MN以内，局部加载2个道次较适合超大规格航空模锻件生产；各道次成形过程锻件温度场均匀，平均等效应变值达到3.6，锻件变形充分；第1道次变形量为40%时锻件等效应力分布最均匀，上模所受侧移力最小；总变形量为55%、第一道次取40%，第2道次取15%时是该锻件等温局部加载最优变形工艺。
英文摘要：Forming process program was proposed for large Al-alloy air die forgings. Using 3-D FEM software Deform-3D locally loading forming load, the assignment of deforming amount between two passes and the deformation uniformity were simulated and analyzed. The results show that the isothermal local loading can reduce the forming load effectively, the maximum forming load doesn't exceed 300 MN, the two passes are suitable for the forming of large air forgings; the temperature homogeneously distributes in per pass, the average strain rate reaches up to 3.6, the forgings amplely deforms. When the first deforming amount in the first pass is 40%, the equivalent stress distributes most uniformly, the top die suffers the least lateral load; the optimizing deforming process is that the total deforming amount is 55%, 40% in the first pass and 15% in the second pass.