晶界特征分布优化改善304不锈钢晶间腐蚀研究
Grain Boundary Character Distribution Improving Intergranular Corrosion of 304 Stainless Steel
韩 涛1, 方晓英2, 李 宁1, 林 坤3
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作者单位：(1. 四川大学 制造科学与工程学院, 四川 成都 610065; 2. 山东理工大学 机械工程学院, 山东 淄博 255049; 3. 东方电机有限公司, 四川 德阳 618000)
中文关键字：304不锈钢； 晶界特征分布； 晶间腐蚀
英文关键字：304 stainless steels; grain boundary character distribution; intergranular corrosion
中文摘要：利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术和H2SO4-Fe2(SO4)3腐蚀浸泡实验研究了304不锈钢经两种特定形变热处理工艺后晶界特征分布及其对合金晶间腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明，相比于轧制前的固溶状态，小形变量(5%)冷轧退火工艺能够显著提高合金中低 重位(CSL)晶界的比例，使其由49%增加到75%，并且非共格的可动Σ3晶界在迁移过程中生成较多Σ9和Σ27晶界并与其构成特殊晶界团，有效地阻断了一般大角度晶界的网络连通性，改善合金的晶间腐蚀抗力；而大变形量(70%)冷轧试样在退火过程中发生了再结晶，晶粒长大过程中低Σ特殊晶界被迁移的大角度晶界吞噬，因此特殊晶界较少，一般大角度晶界相互贯通，腐蚀现象比较严重。
英文摘要：The grain boundary character distributions in three samples were treated by solid solution, grain boundary engineering (GBE) and recrystallization annealing, respectively, and analyzed using electron back scatter diffraction technique(EBSD). The corrosion testing was also conducted upon the three samples in the boiling solution of H2SO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 and the surface and cross-section were observed by SEM. The results show that for the GBEed sample, the fraction of low Σ-CSL grain boundaries is highest among these samples, which hit the record of 75% or so. In addition, the connectivity of random high angle grain boundaries network is effectively disrupted, therefore good resistance to intergranular corrosion is obtained.