超级奥氏体不锈钢254SMo的高温析出相研究
Study on High Temperature Precipitation Phase of Super Austenitic Stainless Steel 254SMo
赵振铎1, 白晋钢1, 韩培德2, 李洪飞2
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作者单位：1. 太原钢铁集团太钢技术中心, 山西 太原 030003; 2. 太原理工大学 材料科学与工程学院, 山西 太原 030024
中文关键字：超级奥氏体不锈钢； 254SMo； 析出相； 固溶处理； 时效
英文关键字：super austenitic stainless steel; 254SMo; precipitated phase; solution treatment; aging
中文摘要：采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及显微硬度计等检测技术，研究了固溶时效处理及夹杂物对超级奥氏体不锈钢254SMo高温析出相的影响。结果表明：超级奥氏体不锈钢254SMo在固溶处理1250℃ × 30 min后，其组织为单一奥氏体，高温析出相基本溶解；当时效温度为950 ℃，随着时效时间的延长，高温析出相的数量逐渐增加；当时效时间为5 h，随着时效温度的升高，高温析出相的数量越来越少；夹杂物的存在可作为析出相形核核心，促进析出相的析出；高温析出相为σ相，形貌多以条状和胞状分布为主，主要为富Cr、Mo和低Ni化合物，其硬度高于基体，属于硬质相，这种硬质相的形成会降低超级奥氏体不锈钢254SMo的热加工性。
英文摘要：The effects of solution and aging treatment, inclusions on the high temperature precipitation phase of super austenitic stainless steel 254SMo were studied by metallography observation, SEM and micro-hardness tester. The results show that after the super austenitic stainless steel 254SMo solution is treated at 1250 ℃ for 30 min, the microstructure generates a single austenitic, high temperature precipitation phase almost completely dissolves; when the aging temperature is 950 ℃, the amount of high temperature precipitation phase increases with aging time rising. When the aging time is 5 h, the amount of high temperature precipitation phase decreases with aging temperature rising. The existence of inclusions can be used as the core of precipitated phase nucleation, which can promote the phase precipitate. The high temperature precipitated phase is σ, which is distributed in the form of strip and cellular. The high temperature precipitated phase is a kind of compound which is mainly rich in Cr and Mo and low Ni compound, and the hardness of the precipitated phase is higher than the matrix, which belongs to a hard phase. This kind of hard phase can reduce the heat processing performance of super austenitic stainless steel 254SMo.