(WC+B4C)p / 6063Al复合材料的力学性能研究
Study on Mechanical Properties of (WC+B4C)p /6063Al Composite
孙 波, 毛昌辉, 杨 剑, 马书旺
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作者单位：北京有色金属研究总院 先进电子材料研究所, 北京 100088
中文关键字：铝基复合材料； 热挤压； 热处理； 力学性能
英文关键字：aluminum matrix composite; hot extrusion; heat treatment; mechanical properties
中文摘要：以粉末冶金法制备了具有屏蔽效能的铝基复合材料，分别以10 ∶ 1、15 ∶ 1和 25 ∶ 1挤压比热挤压，并将挤压后的材料进行固溶强化和时效处理。通过对挤压态和T4态(WC + B4C)P /6063Al复合材料拉伸性能的比较以及SEM、TEM分析，研究了该复合材料的力学性能。结果表明：以15 ∶ 1挤压比进行热挤压，在520～530 ℃下固溶强化和时效处理时，该复合材料的力学性能最佳，抗拉强度大于300 MPa且伸长率达10%以上；热处理后基体中Mg2Si析出相尺寸和形貌上的变化以及增强颗粒的弥散强化是该复合材料力学性能提升的原因。
英文摘要：Al matrix composite with shield materials against ray radiation was fabricated by powder metallurgy processing. The composite was extruded under following 10 ∶ 1, 15 ∶ 1, 25 ∶ 1, then solution treatment and natural aging were carried out. The mechanical properties of the composite 6063 Al alloy reinforced with particulate WC and B4C were investigagted by tensile test and microstructure of extruded and T4 materials, SEM, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results show that the composite extrudes under 15 ∶ 1 ratio and solution treatment at 520 ℃～530 ℃ present best mechanical properties. The tensile strength is greater than 300 MPa and elongation is above 10%. The reasons for the elevation of mechanical properties of the composite are the variation of Mg2Si precipitation size, morphology and particle dispersion strengthening.