Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the tensile strength and yield strength of 5154A Al-Mg alloy wire increase with the increase of cold pressure deformation, but the elongation decreases, the microstructure and mechanical properties of 5154A Al-Mg alloy wire were improved by annealing treatment. The X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and comprehensive functional tester were used to study the microstructure and properties of different processed linear materials.The results show that the annealing can reduce and degrade the columnar crystal of the wire and refine the grain of the wire.When the annealing temperature is 230 ℃, the comprehensive mechanical properties of 5154A Al-Mg alloy wire are the best.