Abstract: Based on the atmospheric environment of Jiangxi Province, four representative substations were selected in 2 kinds of industrial pollution areas and rural environments, and the atmospheric corrosion behavior of galvanized steel and carbon steel was studied through 2 years of actual exposure test, and the samples were taken once in 1 year and 2 years. Using corrosion weight loss and energy dispersion spectrometrography(EDS), the weight loss law and corrosion structure of galvanized steel and carbon steel were studied. The results show that the corrosion grade of Jiangxi Province is C3, which is moderate, and the influence of industrial pollution area on the atmospheric corrosion is greater than that of rural areas. During 2-year test cycle, the corrosion rate of galvanized steel and carbon steel in the first year is significantly higher than that of in the next year.