Abstract: In the production of heavy H-beam, the cooling process after rolling deformation is the most important way to control the final microstructure.The finite element simulation and rolling experiment of the cooling process of heavy H-beam were carried out.The results show that a large amount of tempered sorbite can be formed on the surface of the experimental steel by controlled cooling after rolling; with the increase of water cooling time from 22 s to 30 s, the surface temperature of the experimental steel gradually decreases, the thickness of tempered microstructure layer increases, and the strength and toughness of the experimental steel are improved.When the water cooling time is 30 s, the return temperature reaches 650 ℃.The best mechanical properties are obtained for the experimental steel under this condition.