Abstract: The effects of different rolling temperatures and deformations on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 2198 Al-Li alloy were investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and tensile test.The results show that the strength and plasticity of 2198 Al-Li alloy increase firstly and then decrease with the rising of rolling temperature. When the rolling temperature reaches 420℃, the alloy recrystallizes sufficiently, the grain size is small, the distribution is uniform, and the tensile strength and plasticity reach the peak value. When the hot rolling deformation increases to 80%, a large number of dislocations is formed under the action of external force, and the original coarse grains are refined obviously, and the strength and plasticity of the alloy increase gradually.The mechanical properties of the alloy are the best at this time.Transmission (TEM) analysis shows that the precipitation phase of the alloy after T8 treatment is mainly T₁ phase.