Abstract: Based on the strategy of chromium alloying of copper matrix, the effect of chromium content on the tribological properties of molybdenum disulfide/copper composites in nitrogen atmosphere was studied. The results indicate that, 1.5wt%chromium is added to the composite, with a friction coefficient as low as 0.07 and the specific wear rate is 2.4×10^-4 mm³·N^-1·m^-1, which is only 64%and 20%of the composite without chromium, respectively.The interface structure, the friction layer composition and the grinding subsurface morphology are analyzed by TEM, X-ray optoelectronic energy spectrum and SEM respectively, and the mechanism of action of molybdenum/copper composite is revealed.