Abstract: The metal materials were widely used for their good mechanical properties, but due to the susceptibility of their structural to external influences, they were prone to corrosion failure. One of the types of corrosion is microbial corrosion,caused by the economic losses and the safety issues can not be ignored. The current state of research on the microbial corrosion of metal materials under different service environments was systematically summarized, with a particular focus on the typical corrosion mechanisms of the widespread sulfate-reducing bacteria（SRB） and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans（T. ferrooxidans）. The control of microbial induced corrosion methods was briedly summarized. Finally, the future development trend of microbial corrosion research on metallic materials was looked forward. New ideas for protective materials and microbial corrosion control were provided.