Abstract: The effect of carbide precipitation on the properties of as-quenched low alloy wear resistant steel during tempering was studied by means of scanning electron microscope, Brinell hardness test and material surface comprehensive property tester. The results show that the as-quenched test steel obtains the best match between hardness and toughness after tempering at 250 ℃, its hardness value is 526 HBW, and the impact absorption energy at-20 ℃ is 62 J. At this time, the test steel have the best wear resistance, which is related to the precipitation of short rod-like ε-carbides, and the wear mechanism is mainly low stress abrasion abrasive wear.