Abstract: The effects of different Ce contents on the modification of inclusions in 2.8%Si-0.8%Al non-oriented silicon steel were studied by adding single rare earth Ce. According to Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation and Gibbs free energy calculation, the types of inclusions that may be generated in molten steel were judged, and the stability and mutual transformation conditions of various inclusions were analyzed. On this basis, the types, sizes and morphologies of typical inclusions in the test steel were characterized and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation and Gibbs free energy calculation show that the addition of rare earth Ce can regulate the precipitated phase in non-oriented silicon steel, increase the type of inclusions and promote the transformation of their types. After adding rare earth Ce, Ce₂O₂S can be generated in the test steel, and its content gradually increases, while the content of MnS gradually decreases. The results show that with the increase of rare earth Ce content, the types of inclusions in the test steel have changed significantly. From the initial MnS, Al N, Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃-Al N, Al N-MnS inclusions, gradually modified to Ce₂O₂S, CeAlO₃, Ce₂O₂S-MnS, Ce-O-Al-S, Ce₂O₂S-Al N rare earth inclusions, the morphology gradually changes from the original irregular shape to a more regular spherical shape.