渗硼-等温淬火一体化工艺制备高性能贝氏体钢的组织和性能研究

    Microstructure and Performance of High Performance Bainitic Steel Prepared by Boronizing-austempering Process

    • 摘要: 对中碳贝氏体钢进行950℃保温2 h渗硼+350℃保温1 h等温淬火的一体化工艺处理,并与相同工艺参数下未渗硼的试样进行对比,通过组织表征、腐蚀性能和磨损性能测试等方法,研究了渗硼-等温淬火一体化工艺制备超细晶贝氏体钢的微观组织和服役性能。结果表明,经渗硼+贝氏体相变一体化工艺处理后,试验钢基体为超细贝氏体组织,表面形成了约29μm厚的渗硼层。渗硼层与基体之间有明显的分界线,渗硼层呈现梳状或针状形貌,且分布均匀。渗层中硼含量较高,碳含量和靠近渗层表面的Si含量均较低。在NaCl溶液腐蚀过程中,贝氏体基体表现出较渗硼层高的电流密度,且随腐蚀时间的延长,强电流区域并未沿表面方向扩展,反而沿贝氏体基体方向进行。在相同的滑动磨损条件下,无渗层试样的磨损质量损失是渗硼-等温淬火一体化处理试样的2.2倍。渗硼-等温淬火一体化工艺可显著提高超细贝氏体钢的耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能。

       

      Abstract: The integrated process of 950 ℃ insulation for 2 h boron infiltration +350℃ insulation for 1h isothermal quenching was carried out for the medium carbon bainite steel, and it was compared with the sample without boron infiltration under the same process parameters. The microstructure and service performances of the ultra-fine grained bainitic steel prepared by boronizing-austempering process were studied through microstructure characterization, corrosion resistance and wear resistance tests. The results show that the ultra-fine bainite matrix structure is obtained after boronizing-austempering process, and a boronizing layer of about 29 μ m thickness is formed on the surface. There is an obvious dividing line between the boronizing layer and substrate, and the boronizing layer shows comb or needle shape, which is evenly distributed. The boron content in the boronizing layer is high, the carbon content and the silicon content in boronizing layer near the surface are low. During the corrosion in NaCl solution, the bainite matrix exhibits a higher current density than the boronizing layer, and with the increase of the corrosion time, the strong current region does not expand along the surface, but along the bainite matrix. Under the same wear condition, the total wear weight loss of non-boronizing samples is 2.2 times theas that of samples treated by boronizing-austempering process. The corrosion performance and wear resistance of the ultra-fine grained bainitic steel are enhanced significantly by boronizing-austempering process.

       

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