Abstract: The titanium alloy vacuum consumable electrode coagulation furnace is an important equipment for titanium alloy smelting. The temperature field distribution of the furnace and components needs to be analyzed, and the cooling parameters optimization should be done to improve the cooling efficiency and product quality under high temperature working conditions. Taking a certain type of titanium alloy vacuum electrode self-consumable coagulation furnace, based on the heat transfer theory, the transient temperature field of the cooling process of the condensed shell furnace and its components was numerically simulated. The optimal parameters for the cooling effect of the furnace body and internal components were obtained by first balancing cooling efficiency with energy conservation and consumption reduction. Taking the uniform temperature distribution of the furnace body and the efficient cooling of titanium rods as the optimization goals, from the aspect of structural parameters, measures such as improving the layout of the nozzle and waterway were proposed for the furnace body, and the positive significance of the optimization measures on the improvement of cooling efficiency was analyzed. The research work can provide technical support for the cooling of titanium rods, the optimization of furnace structure design in vacuum electrode self-consumable coagulation furnace.