基于卡箍式柔性管接头的钢管端部成形工艺研究及模具优化设计

    Research on Forming Process of Steel Pipe End and Optimization Design of Die Based on Clamp Type Flexible Pipe Joint

    • 摘要: 针对卡箍式柔性管接头在实际使用过程中需要焊接的问题,提出一种无缝钢管端部成形工艺,将卡箍式柔性管接头需要焊接的管端凸台直接用无缝钢管镦锻成形,经计算发现初始模具无法1次镦锻成形。对其成形过程用有限元软件Deform-3D进行模拟,发现无缝钢管端部刚开始产生变形时初始模具没有起到限制作用,导致无缝钢管端部内壁产生凹陷,在后续镦锻过程中,金属向内流动从而产生折叠缝隙,最终影响成形品质。凸模在镦锻时挤压无缝钢管内壁,使过渡圆角处的金属向前移动,最终形成凸起,造成应力集中现象,其最大应力值为938.39 MPa。为解决上述问题,给凸模底部端面增加斜面,进行先扩孔再加厚的成形工艺,同时将凸模芯轴改为具有锥度的芯轴,此外在凹模与无缝钢管接触的拐角处增加倒角,以便于金属流动成形。优化后的模具,改变了金属的流动,解决了无缝钢管端部产生折叠缝隙和无缝钢管内壁凸起的同时减少了模具的载荷,且发现凸模底部斜度的增大会减小凸模扩大无缝钢管内径过程的整体载荷,增大其最终成形载荷。

       

      Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the clamp flexible pipe joint needs to be welded in actual use, a forming process for the end of seamless steel pipe was proposed. The end boss of the clamp flexible pipe joint needs to be welded was directly formed by upsetting the seamless steel pipe. After calculation, it is found that the initial mold cannot be formed by upsetting at one time, so the forming process is simulated by finite element software Deform-3D. It is found that when the end of the seamless steel pipe is deformed at the beginning, the initial die does not play a limiting role, resulting in a depression in the inner wall of the seamless steel pipe end. During the subsequent upsetting process, the metal flows inward to produce a folding gap, which ultimately affects the forming quality. When the punch presses the inner wall of the seamless steel pipe during upsetting, the metal at the transition corner moves forward and eventually forms a bulge, resulting in stress concentration. The maximum stress value is 938.39 MPa. In order to solve the above problems, a bevel was added to the bottom end face of the punch, and the forming process of expanding the hole and then thickening was carried out. At the same time, the core shaft of the punch was changed into a core shaft with taper, and the chamfer was added at the corner of the contact between the die and the seamless steel pipe to facilitate the metal flow forming. The optimized mold successfully changed the flow of metal,solved the problem of folding gap at the end of seamless steel pipe and raised the inner wall of seamless steel pipe while reducing the load of the mold. It is found that the increase of the slope of the punch bottom reduces the overall load during the process of the punch expanding the inner diameter of seamless steel pipe, and increases its final forming load.

       

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