Abstract: Nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloys are widely used in nuclear power, marine engineering and aerospace fields because of their excellent comprehensive performance. Due to the high deformation resistance and complex alloying elements, the processing of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloys has high equipment requirements, the hot processing window is narrow, and unfavorable conditions such as coarse grain structure, mixed grain structure and cracks are likely to occur during deformation, which affects the service performance of the materials. Through the establishment of the constitutive equation, dynamic recrystallization model and hot processing map, the influence of thermal deformation process parameters on the evolution of microstructure is quantified and visualized, which contributes to optimizing the hot working processes of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloys, and to improve their forming properties and product quality. The compositional properties and applications of nickel-based corrosion-resistant alloys with different component systems were summarized, and the research progress of the flow stress during hot deformation and the microstructural evolution rules of the alloys was specifically summarized to provide theoretical support for process optimization and performance enhancement of the alloys.