激光熔覆FeCoCrNiTix高熵合金涂层的组织及耐磨性能研究

    Study on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of FeCoCrNiTix High-entropy Alloy Coating by Laser Cladding

    • 摘要: 针对45钢在服役过程中表面易磨损的问题,采用激光熔覆技术在其表面制备了不同Ti含量的FeCoCrNiTixx=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,摩尔比)高熵合金涂层。借助XRD、SEM 和往复摩擦磨损试验等分析测试方法,研究了激光熔覆高熵合金涂层的微观组织形貌、相结构、显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能。 结果表明:FeCoCrNi涂层组织主要为面心立方(FCC)固溶体构成的柱状晶组织;随着Ti加入及含量提高,FeCoCrNiTix涂层组织细化,同时出现了体心立方(BCC)固溶体、R相(Ni-Ti金属间化合物相)和Laves相( Co-Ti金属间化合物相)。随着Ti含量增加,激光熔覆FeCoCrNiTix涂层的硬度提高,摩擦因数降低,耐磨性提高。其中FeCoCrNiTi1.5合金涂层表面硬度最高,达765 HV0.2,且表现出良好耐磨性,磨损机制主要为磨料磨损和疲劳剥落磨损,同时伴有轻微氧化磨损。

       

      Abstract: To address the issue of surface wear susceptibility of 45 steel during service, laser cladding technology was employed to fabricate FeCoCrNiTix(x=0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, molar ratio) high-entropy alloy coatings with different Ti contents on its surface.The microstructure and phase composition were systematically characterized through X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Moreover, microhardness was investigated through microhardness testing and the wear resistance was comprehensively evaluated by reciprocating sliding wear experiments. Results show that the FeCoCrNi coating primarily consists of columnar grains formed by a face-centered cubic(FCC) solid solution. With the addition and increase of Ti content, the microstructure of FeCoCrNiTix coatings is refined, and body-centered cubic(BCC) solid solutions, R-phase (Ni-Ti intermetallic phases) and Laves phases(Co-Ti intermetallic phase) are formed simultaneously. As the Ti content rises, the laser-clad FeCoCrNiTix coatings exhibit enhanced surface hardness, reduced friction coefficients and improved wear resistance. Notably, the FeCoCrNiTi1.5 alloy coating achieves has the highest surface hardness of 765 HV0.2 and superior wear resistance, with its wear mechanisms dominated by abrasive wear and fatigue spalling wear, along with slight oxidative wear.

       

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