Abstract: With the rapid development of aerospace, precision instruments, electronic technology and other fields, higher requirements have been put forward for the thermal stability of materials. Low-expansion materials have become one of the key materials to solve the problem of thermal mismatch. Thanks to their characteristics such as light weight, high strength,high thermal conductivity and adjustable coefficient of expansion, low-expansion aluminum matrix composites have become the focus of scientific research, production and application in recent years. This paper systematically reviewed common metal-based low-expansion materials, common low-expansion reinforcing phases for aluminum matrix composites,preparation technologies and application status. Combined with the research progress in relevant fields, it discussed the future development trends of low-expansion aluminum matrix composites, providing a reference for the design and application of high-performance thermal management materials.