Abstract: The oxidation resistance and fatigue behavior of a domestically developed oxidation-resistant and low-expansion superalloy was investigated. The oxidation resistance was evaluated using the weight gain method. Stress-controlled low-cycle fatigue and high-cycle fatigue tests were employed to investigate the fatigue crack initiation behavior of the material under different stresses at 750 ℃. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction were used to analyze the fatigue fracture surfaces and microstructure. The results demonstrate that a dense oxide layer forms on the surface of the superalloy at 750 ℃, endowing it with excellent oxidation resistance, reaching the level of complete oxidation resistance. The failures for low-cycle fatigue and high-cycle fatigue initiate from multiple sources on the outer surface and a single crack source, respectively. The crack propagation zone of low-cycle fatigue exhibits a uniform dimple morphology, and the crack propagates into the instantaneous fracture zone, final intergranular fracture failure occurs. The high-cycle fatigue fracture surface consists of a typical fatigue crack source zone, crack propagation zone and instantaneous fracture zone. As the maximum stress decreases, the fracture failure mode of the superalloy transforms from quasi-cleavage fracture into full brittle failure.