Abstract: Aiming at the problems of large fluctuation range and lagging dynamic response in temperature control of VCSEL laser heating, this paper proposed a fuzzy PID control method based on the Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm(IWOA-Fuzzy PID), and designed a laser bonding temperature control system based on the proposed method. Firstly, the mathematical model of the system was established, on the basis of which a fuzzy PID controller was constructed, and the IWOA was used to optimize and tune its quantization factors and scaling factors. To address the problems of premature convergence and insufficient search ability of the traditional Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA), this paper makes improvements in three aspects: Cubic chaotic mapping is used to initialize the population to enhance diversity and distribution uniformity; Differential evolution strategy is introduced to improve global search ability through mutation and crossover operation. Combined with elite retention strategies, it improves convergence accuracy and robustness. Simulation experiments were conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation results show that the IWOA-FPID control strategy has the best performance in terms of dynamic response speed, stability and comprehensive control quality, and its rise time is the shortest(0.108 s) and there is almost no overshoot. Compared with the traditional PID, fuzzy PID, and WOA-PID methods, the proposed strategy significantly improves the dynamic response performance and steady-state control accuracy of the system, effectively suppresses overshoot and oscillation, and is more suitable for the temperature control requirements of high-precision laser bonding.